Morfología comparativa en Lithraea (Anacardiaceae), aspectos vegetativos y reproductivos y distribución en Argentina

Evangelina Carmen Lozano; Víctor H. Aquino; María A. Zapater

doi:10.30550/j.lil/2022.59.1/2022.04.06

Authors

Evangelina Carmen Lozano Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-2403
Víctor H. Aquino Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1590-5019
María A. Zapater Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5739-6240

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30550/j.lil/2022.59.1/2022.04.06

Keywords:

Germinative power, Lithraea, taxonomy

Abstract

The genus Lithrea Miers is represented in Argentina by Lithrea molleoides and L. brasiliensis, the first in the PB (Biogeographic Province) Chaqueña, Eastern and Serrano Districts, also in the PB Paranaense and marginal forests. L. brasiliensis is confined to Misiones in the PB Paranaense. The differentiation of species by various authors is considered imprecise and based on a single character. No recent taxonomic, morphological and reproductive biology studies were found for Argentina. The objectives were to expand the differential morphological characteristics of the taxa in a comparative way; determine the sexuality, reproductive success and germination potential of L. molleoides in a population of Salta; also carry out a mapping with the registered distribution of native species in Argentina. Specimens of the CTES, LIL, MCNS and virtual Herbaria herbaria were studied in Jstor Global Plants. Observations were made with MO and MEB. The material was described and illustrated, generating a comparative table, a key and a distribution map. The diagnostic characters for the determination of the taxa were foliar (type, shape, apex, margin, number of veins, consistency), in addition to some floral and anatomical fruit. Germination experiments were also carried out, after an imbibition study, with determination of PG and viability. The differential morphological characters between the species are clear, varied and consistent. In the population of L. molleoides in El Gallinato, the plants are diclinodioic, with probable apomixis; reproductive success was very low. Low percentages of imbibition and very low viability were also recorded in the fruit-seed, resulting in a reduced to almost zero germinability. A wide disjunct distribution of L. molleoides and a very reduced one of L. brasiliensis were mapped.

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